This article deals with the methodology of teaching science fiction works in secondary school. Although the basis in national literature is widely represented in samples of oral literature, fantastic literature, which was formed and developed only in the twentieth century as a genre form, also entered the school program with a delay. First of all, it is advisable to take into account the age specificity and level of cognition of students. A fantastic work with a different nature, which is easy to read, interesting, actions are urgent, decisions change dramatically, is also appreciated because it develops the child's imagination and immerses him in a super-emotional state, separate from the reality of life, the environment he sees every day. Although there is little experience in teaching fiction at the national level in secondary schools, the outstanding practices, methods in the world education system are worthy of attention. However, when teaching works of this genre, it is important to take into account the peculiarities of national cognition and faith of the people.