The article discusses the conditions and meanings of visual semantics of prepositional-case combinations that make up the "core" of the means of expressing spatial relations in the Russian language. It is concluded that such means of expression are harmoniously correlated in the number and quality of sounds, and their meanings are motivated by semantic features of articulation, which is interpreted from the standpoint of Russian as a native language (when teaching foreigners). It is also proved that the primary spatial meanings of prepositions in the Russian language are due to the meanings of sounds articulated in simple syllables and receiving symbolic (modeling) significance. This specificity of prepositions makes their development accessible to students, who are required to have a meaningful attitude to the articulation skills that are being formed and a conscious desire to find support in clarity. This circumstance makes it possible for students to independently use the correct prepositions.