The article deals with the question of the originality and formation of children's literature in the historical context of Russia. At all times, the most serious requirements were imposed on children's literature, since it is one of the most important sources of formation of the child's personality, his spiritual values, moral and aesthetic qualities and is of an educational nature. each period is characterized by its own tasks, requirements, themes, heroes, etc. However, the main task of children's literature has always remained the same-to teach children to believe, love, grow, understand, search, and the question of the specifics of children's literature is still reduced to repeating the truths about a dynamic plot, clarity, accessibility and fascination. The article analyzes the best examples of Russian literature, which convey all the diversity and richness of the world, instill in children a literary taste and love of reading.