The article examines and systematizes the artistic features of the images of Abay and one of his students Abdrakhman and Alash Alikhan Bokeikhanov (author's narration, dialogue, monologue, characterization, portrait, etc.) in the novel-Hamsa by writer Ramazan Toktarov "Abaydyn zhumbagi" (Abay's Riddle). Novels of modern Kazakh prose are the result of creative work in the system of national and world literary processes. The works of modern writers, who are followers of artists who described various periods in the history of the Kazakh people, have a direct impact on the formation and renewal of the historical and national consciousness of the current reader. The subject of special consideration is the features of the image of historical truth and artistic solution in the novel-Hamsa by Ramazan Toktarov "Abaydyn zhumbagi" (the Abay Riddle). The article also analyzes the artistic solution of the continuity of motives of realism and romanticism (realistic character and artistic fiction ) in modern Kazakh novels.