Vocabulary work covers the acquisition of new words and meanings by schoolchildren in an accessible form; the main stage of familiarization with the emotional and expressive coloring of words, the scope of their use; assimilation of concepts of polysemy and figurative meanings, synonyms, antonyms, paronyms; activation of the dictionary, the use of new learned words in their own utterances, their inclusion in the number of words constantly used by the student; clearing the dictionary, i.e. elimination of dialectal, vernacular, vulgar words from the active vocabulary of students and much more. In order to improve speech culture, a prominent place should be occupied by exercises aimed at expanding the active vocabulary of children, as well as developing their ability to choose from their vocabulary to Express thoughts those words that most correspond to the content of the utterance and make it correct, accurate and expressive.