This article States that the classic artistic basis of modern Kazakh prose, which influenced its content and form, were the works of new written realistic literature ( works of Abay, Y. Altynsarina et al.). Images of Kazakh prose created by Shokan, Ibrai, Abai and works written at the subsequent stages of the development of Kazakh literature are national spiritual values. It also examines the literary process of the early twentieth century and the work of individual writers who contributed to the development of the novel genre in Kazakh prose along with examples of world literature. A large number of Kazakh novels created during the period of independence were published in the 90s of the XX century and the beginning of the XXI century. The article examines how the centuries-old history of the Kazakh people, the history of the Kazakh state from ancient times to the present day is depicted in fiction within the framework of the traditional creative process.