Grammatology is traditionally a field of linguistics that establishes and studies the relationship between the letters of the alphabet and the sounds of speech. Grammatology as a branch of linguistics appeared long ago, almost simultaneously with linguistics. Along with language education, it is considered as a philosophical, special cognitive discipline that has significance. The study of grammatology is related to the culture of writing words. That is, the doctrine that provides for the recognition of society in the history of writing and culture. In this regard, the article analyzes the fundamental concepts related to the field of grammatology, language terms related to grammatology. Many terms used in the field of graphic linguistics have different semantic content. This depends on the traditions of the linguistic school. In this regard, the article analyzes the relationship and differences between the system of fundamental knowledge as grapheme, graphics and spelling. Internal components like graphics and spelling are considered with the main language aspect of grammatology. Because they are directly related to the problem of writing. They are inseparable, interdependent categories that cannot be one another. If the graphics regulate the spelling marking system, the spelling provides for the permanent position of the marked spelling.