The article considers one of the most important problems of modern linguistics: transitivity, variability and conceptual properties of affixal morphemes. In cognitive linguistics, the variability of affixal morphemes is considered in close connection with human cognition, including conceptualization, analogy and embodied experience. According to this approach, the meanings and forms of affixal morphemes are formed by both universal cognitive processes and language-specific conventions. The cognitive approach to the position of affixal morphemes in the language system and the peculiarities of their development goes beyond the syntactic role of these linguistic units and, in addition to the phenomena of transition and variation as a result of cause-and-effect relationships, also reflects how people perceive the world around them and how they contribute to the existing conceptual frameworks in language, demonstrating a logical approach.