The purpose of the article is to prove the effectiveness of the psycholinguistic approach, which is an integral part of a comprehensive analysis of synonyms. Due to the development of the vocabulary of the modern Kazakh language, a tendency has been formed to increase the vitality of the language. The main indicator of the vocabulary of a language is synonyms, which means that the dynamics of language development can be determined by identifying changes in its development. Therefore, a comprehensive study of the process of expansion or contraction of the synonymous series is very important. The article proposes the need for a comprehensive addition to the dictionary of synonyms of the modern Kazakh language and ways to solve it. The range of synonyms in our language does not completely cover the lexical layer; it is limited to lexical synonyms. Synonymy does not include the author's occasional word usage, regular phrases, regular comparisons, figurative words and paraphrases. Therefore, among synonyms there should be figurative phrases with semantic meaning, since they are an expression in the language of primitive and stereotypical human thoughts. Based on the psycholinguistic analysis of synonymous words, it has been proven that the number of synonymous units increases and the value of language increases. Based on this, the purpose of the article is to demonstrate that synonyms can be studied using the psycholinguistic method. The article proves the effectiveness of the method of associative analysis, the displacement method, the method of intuition and stereotypical methods of cognition.