The article tells about the mythical archetypes of Kazakh literature at the beginning of the 20th century, reunited with the new principles of human culture. These works are clearly demonstrated on the basis of the analysis of Abay’s poems “Iskander(Eskendir)”, “Masgut(Masғұt)”, “Conversation of Azim(Әзім әңгімесі)”. The positive influence of ancient Kazakh mythology on the works of that period is analyzed from the point of view of today and such qualities as transformations of the meaning of the word are noted. It is proved that the true novelty in the works of Abay is associated with a new content, moreover, relying on tradition, he became the beginning of a new source.Also, the authors of the article tried to convey to the public that the literary material of the diversity that connects the past of the people with today is the current events and conflicts on the basis of mythological parallels. The differences between the image of Iskander created by Abai, from other eastern dastans and from historical facts are shown. The artistic skill of creating an image from a mythological point of view is separately affected, and based on the poet’s work, results are obtained that prove that a person has good character traits from upbringing and education. Importance is given to the features of using elements of mythical symbolism in Kazakh literature at the beginning of the 20th century.