This article analyzes Japan's first written literary monument, Kojiki (Records of Ancient Matters, 712). It examines theoretical and methodological positions on the issue of structural analysis and its overcoming in European and Japanese scholarship; and methods of literary text analysis based on poststructuralist ideas are applied. The result of the study was the development of a new approach to reading the Kojiki, which, based on an analysis of the dynamics of the narrative, revealed the metamorphoses of worlds and, emphasizing the importance of context, determined the dynamics of the narrative. The results obtained may be useful in connection with the need to understand ancient written monuments of the East in Kazakhstani science and to involve this topic in philological research.